• High-elevation spruce-fir caps (Mt. Mitchell, Roan, Clingmans Dome) are the most climate-exposed habitat in the eastern US — projected warming pushes their viable range off the top of the available peaks.
• Galax, Catawba rhododendron, mountain laurel, and other cove-and-balds specialists are tied to cool moist microsites that are shrinking faster than zone numbers alone suggest.
• Garden-relevant: native azaleas, doghobble, and ferns from cove provenances will need protected microclimates as low-elevation summers warm.