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Toyon
Habit (mature) · Miguel Vieira / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 2.0
Limited coverage
Toyon
Heteromeles arbutifolia
The signature evergreen shrub of the California chaparral and coastal foothills — leathery, sharply toothed dark-green leaves, flat-topped clusters of small white summer flowers, and the brilliant red pomes that earned it the names Christmasberry and California holly (and, by way of the Hollywood hills, supposedly the name "Hollywood"). Long-lived and deeply drought-tolerant; the winter berries feed more than twenty bird species when little else is fruiting.
Native: CA
Review: Source-backed
Climate fit: moderate (46/100)
Structure
Focal point
Pollinator
Light
Full sun / Part sun / Part shade
Water
Low water
Mature size
72-240" tall · 72" apart
Hardy in zones
7a-11b
cold to nearly frost-free winters
Summer heat range
Warm-Extreme
warm to extreme summers Interim Plotwright tier until the plant AHS range is authored.
Native in Illinois
No
The Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center documents it as native only to California (CA) — semi-dry brushy slopes, foothills, and canyons below 4000 ft, extending into Baja California — and as adaptable, long-lived, and drought-tolerant on poor, dry, well-drained soil; it tolerates serpentine soil and exhibits allelopathic tendencies.
Climate notes
Cold hardiness
Now
Zone 6b
USDA
Chicago, IL · 1991-2020 average annual coldest day
Source: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (1991-2020 climatology) via ArcGIS FeatureServer
Won't grow here
2050
Zone 7b
Plotwright
Your zone + climate-model shift · SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry)
Well-suited
In plain terms: cold winters — coldest nights typically around -3°F.
✕→✓
Out of range today, but newly possible by 2050.
Heat tolerance
Loading current AHS heat-zone and plant heat-fit data at your coordinates…
Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. To cite a single upstream fact instead, use its specific source listed below.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia). Retrieved 2026, June 5, from https://plotwright.garden/plants/toyon
Sources for every fact
Every fact on this page traces to a source. 18 fields cited18 source-backed.
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Native Plant Database
Botanical research database
Backs 17 fields
Identity
Summary
Plant type
Light
Moisture
Hardiness
Heat zone
Size
Spacing
Habit
Design roles
Seasonal interest
Growth stages
Lifecycle
Regional guidance
Success tips
Designer notes
Wikimedia Commons
Photo · CC BY 2.0
Backs 1 field
Image
Oregon State University Landscape Plants
University extension service
Community photos
The photos above are our reviewed reference set, curated for accuracy.
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