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Bur oak
Habit (mature) · Bruce Kirchoff / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 2.0
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Bur oak
Quercus macrocarpa
One of the most majestic native North American oaks — a slow-growing, long-lived member of the white oak group that the Missouri Botanical Garden lists at 60-80 feet (occasionally to 150) with an equally broad, rounded crown. Named for its large acorns whose cups are fringed with a mossy, bur-like scale near the rim. Notably drought- and clay-tolerant, it ranges from southeastern Canada through the central United States, and may take up to 35 years to bear its first acorn crop.
Native: 37 US states + 6 CA provinces
Review: Source-backed
Climate fit: broad (83/100)
Focal point
Structure
Light
Full sun
Water
Moderate water
Mature size
720-960" tall · 480" apart
Hardy in zones
3a-8b
brutally cold to frosty winters
Summer heat range
Cool-Hot
cool to hot summers Interim Plotwright tier until the plant AHS range is authored.
Native in Illinois
Yes
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A documented larval host for the Polyphemus moth and 1 other species — caterpillars feed on its foliage before becoming the next generation.
Wildlife relationships
Cold hardiness
Now
Zone 6b
USDA
Chicago, IL · 1991-2020 average annual coldest day
Source: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (1991-2020 climatology) via ArcGIS FeatureServer
Well-suited
2050
Zone 7b
Plotwright
Your zone + climate-model shift · SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry)
Well-suited
In plain terms: cold winters — coldest nights typically around -3°F.
Well-suited today and still thriving in 2050.
Heat tolerance
Loading current AHS heat-zone and plant heat-fit data at your coordinates…
Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. To cite a single upstream fact instead, use its specific source listed below.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa). Retrieved 2026, June 5, from https://plotwright.garden/plants/bur-oak
Sources for every fact
Every fact on this page traces to a source. 18 fields cited18 source-backed.
Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder
Botanical research database
Backs 17 fields
Identity
Summary
Plant type
Light
Moisture
Hardiness
Heat zone
Size
Spacing
Habit
Design roles
Seasonal interest
Growth stages
Lifecycle
Regional guidance
Success tips
Designer notes
Wikimedia Commons
Photo · CC BY 2.0
Backs 1 field
Image
Community photos
The photos above are our reviewed reference set, curated for accuracy.
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