Cold hardiness

Heat tolerance

Where this plant fits

Suitable across 41 ecoregions — 39 climate-resilient through 2070 · 1 suited today · 1 newly possible by 2070. Best matches first.

What it needs

Lifecycle

Pollination

NC State explicit: "Pawpaw flowers are self-incompatible and require a genetically different pollen donor (a pollinizer) for fruit production." Two trees of distinct seed origin must be planted within ~30 feet for fruit set. Pollination is performed by flies and beetles attracted to the fetid maroon spring flowers — NOT by bees. The unusual carrion-mimicking flower scent is the species's mechanism for fly attraction.

Plants don't grow alone

For people

The mature fruit is North America's largest native fruit (4-6 inches long, 4-10 oz typical) with a banana-custard-mango flavor that NC State describes as "banana custard flavor." Eaten fresh, in custards, ice creams, baking, and pawpaw-specific preparations. Skin and seeds contain neurotoxic acetogenins and must be removed before eating; the seeds are particularly potent and should not be chewed. NC State documents contact dermatitis from handling the fruit; wear gloves when harvesting and processing.

Native range

Climate notes

In the designer

Seasonal interest

University extension service

Photo · Public domain