Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests
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The Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests run along rugged mountain ranges from isolated highlands in southwestern Texas (Davis and Chisos Mountains) and southern New Mexico south through northeastern Mexico to near Mexico City. Pine-oak forest dominates between roughly 1,000 and 3,500 m elevation, with pines including Mexican pinyon, Arizona pine, and the locally endemic Nelson's pinyon and Gregg's pine, alongside oaks such as Quercus castanea and Q. affinis. Climate ranges from dry in the north (about 200-300 mm annual rainfall near Big Bend) to far wetter in the south (900-1,500 mm), spanning humid to subhumid slopes. The region is part of the Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands Biodiversity Hotspot and an Endemic Bird Area; only about a quarter is protected, with logging, grazing, and road-building among ongoing threats.
About the tropical & subtropical coniferous forests biome
Subtropical and tropical forests dominated by conifers such as pines, typically in semi-arid climates with seasonal rainfall. They often occupy higher elevations and carry fire-adapted understories.
Collections for this ecoregion
No curated collection's plants all fit this ecoregion's zone range. We surface a collection only when every member would grow here — partial fits get filtered out rather than mislead. As the catalog and the curated set both grow, this section will fill in.