Madagascar ericoid thickets
RESOLVE 83
The Madagascar ericoid thickets form a montane shrubland ecoregion confined to the highest reaches of Madagascar, occurring above roughly 1,800 meters on the island's four major massifs: Tsaratanana, Marojejy, Ankaratra, and Andringitra. The vegetation is a dense, often impenetrable stratum of evergreen woody shrubs and low trees rarely exceeding six meters, with short twisted stems and small ericoid leaves; characteristic genera include Erica, Helichrysum, Vaccinium, Phylica, and the conifer Podocarpus. The climate is cool and wet, with more than 2,500 millimeters of annual rainfall on eastward-facing slopes and cold-season snow on the Andringitra Massif, where temperatures can fall as low as -11 degrees Celsius. Many of its endemic plants have their closest relatives in South Africa and the East African highlands, and Andringitra alone harbors around 150 vascular endemics including 25 orchid species, though the thickets are threatened by conversion to highland cattle pasture and burning. For gardeners, the flora native here spans familiar ornamental and succulent genera such as Aloe, Kalanchoe, Helichrysum, and the true heaths of Erica.
About the montane grasslands & shrublands biome
High-elevation grasslands, meadows, and shrublands above the treeline or in mountain basins, including alpine and páramo systems. Cool temperatures, intense sunlight, and specialized, often endemic flora characterize them.
Catalog plants suited to this ecoregion
Computed from each plant's stated USDA zone range against this ecoregion's CHELSA-derived current zone range, with the CHELSA mid-century warming delta applied for the projection. Plants whose stated range falls outside both the current and projected zone end up dropped; the rest land in one of the three buckets below.
Climate-resilient picks · 4
These plants fit this ecoregion today AND remain in range under the mid-century SSP3-7.0 projection. Lead with these for a planting that holds up as the climate shifts.
Currently suited · 48
These plants fit the ecoregion as it is today, but the mid-century projection moves them outside their stated zone range — plan for them to struggle by 2070.
Collections for this ecoregion
No curated collection's plants all fit this ecoregion's zone range. We surface a collection only when every member would grow here — partial fits get filtered out rather than mislead. As the catalog and the curated set both grow, this section will fill in.