Port (adulte) - Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
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Grand plantain
Plantago major
Le grand plantain est la mauvaise herbe à larges feuilles, plaquée au sol, des pelouses, sentiers, allées et bords de routes de toute l'Amérique du Nord - et, en toute honnêteté, une espèce eurasienne introduite, non indigène. Il forme une rosette basale plate de larges feuilles ovales fortement nervurées qui se plaque contre le sol, dressant de fins épis floraux érigés en queue-de-rat tout l'été. Son lien avec la perturbation humaine est si profond que certains peuples autochtones l'ont appelé 'l'empreinte de l'homme blanc', car il suivait les colons partout où le sol était piétiné et mis à nu. Malgré sa réputation de mauvaise herbe, il est réellement sous-estimé pour l'habitat : les épis pollinisés par le vent sont d'abondantes sources de pollen, la graine mûre nourrit chardonnerets et autres petits oiseaux, et c'est une plante-hôte larvaire documentée du papillon common buckeye. Les jeunes feuilles sont comestibles cuites ou en salade, avec une longue histoire médicinale et de cataplasmes.
Climate fit: broad (75/100)
Pollinator
Filler
Light
Full sun / Part shade
Water
Consistent moisture
Mature size
4-14" tall · 12" apart
Hardy in zones
3a-12b
brutally cold to frost-free winters
Native in Illinois
No
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A documented larval host for the Common buckeye — caterpillars feed on its foliage before becoming the next generation.
Cold hardiness
Future
These values are location-based: this location's current hardiness is the baseline, and the 2050 value is a projected future climate for this same location.
Now
Zone 6b
USDA
Published baseline for this location from 1991-2020.
Source: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (1991-2020 climatology) via ArcGIS FeatureServer
Well-suited
2050
Zone 7a
Plotwright
Projected zone for this same location in 2050 (2041-2070) using SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry).
Well-suited
In plain terms: This location is in Zone 6b today. Its hardiness profile is cold winters, and coldest nights are typically around -3°F. By 2050, the projected hardiness zone is Zone 7a based on SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry). That is a +0.5-zone shift from Zone 6b to Zone 7a by 2050.
✓
Well-suited today and still thriving in 2050.
Heat tolerance
Future
Heat tolerance values are location-based too: heat days today are observed at this site, and the 2050 value projects this same location under a future climate.
Loading AHS heat-zone data for this location...
Where this plant fits
Suitable across 45 ecoregions — 45 climate-resilient through 2070. Best matches first.
Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests
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Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests
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Arizona Mountains forests
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Atlantic coastal pine barrens
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Blue Mountains forests
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California coastal sage and chaparral
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Canadian Aspen forests and parklands
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Central Pacific Northwest coastal forests
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Central Tallgrass prairie
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Central-Southern Cascades Forests
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Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. To cite a single upstream fact instead, use its specific source listed below.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Grand plantain (Plantago major). Retrieved 2026, June 14, from https://plotwright.garden/plants/plantago-major
Sources for every fact
Every fact on this page traces to a source. 18 fields cited - 18 source-backed.
NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
University extension service
Backs 17 fields
Identity
Summary
Plant type
Light
Moisture
Hardiness
Heat zone
Size
Spacing
Habit
Design roles
Seasonal interest
Growth stages
Lifecycle
Regional guidance
Success tips
Designer notes