Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests
Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests
The Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests stretch across the western Yungui Plateau of southwestern China, spanning parts of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Guangxi provinces and forming a transition zone between the monsoon tropics of Indochina and the eastern Himalayan region. The natural cover is seasonally wet, evergreen broadleaf forest with characteristic genera such as Michelia, chestnut, and rhododendron, while higher ridges hold temperate cloud forests draped in mosses, lichens, epiphytic ferns, and orchids; Yunnan pine now dominates many disturbed sites. The plateau's high elevation, roughly 1,800 to 2,400 meters, and low latitude produce a mild climate with monsoonal summers and a long dry season from November to April. The ecoregion is classified as critical or endangered, having been heavily converted to farmland, and its flagship species is the black-crested gibbon. For gardeners, the region is the wild home of ornamental rhododendrons and orchids found in its cloud forests.
RESOLVE 643
Palearctic
92,794 sq mi
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Landscape type
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Plant region
Palearctic
Region footprint
92,794 sq mi
Habitat pressure
Nature Imperiled (Dinerstein NNH 4)
Source & care
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Use this as the broad planting pattern for the region: Warm, wet, highly productive forests — including tropical rainforests — with closed canopies, near year-round growing seasons, and the richest terrestrial biodiversity on Earth. Low seasonality and high rainfall sustain dense, layered vegetation from canopy to forest floor. For garden decisions, pair that context with the plant list below, then narrow by your site's light, water, soil, and mature-size constraints.
Range & origins
Marker placed inside the RESOLVE 2017 polygon at 25.4°N, 103.0°E.
Region through time
Modern footprint
RESOLVE 2017 maps 92,794 sq mi
This boundary is a modern ecological footprint for Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests, not a permanent line on the planet. It is useful for today's plant and wildlife context because it follows recurring vegetation, climate, landform, and disturbance patterns.
Why here
tropical & subtropical moist broadleaf forests conditions
The region sits in the Palearctic realm and is classed as tropical & subtropical moist broadleaf forests. Elevation, moisture, fire, soils, coasts, and human land use can all make the real landscape more varied than a single map color suggests.
Change pressure
Nature Imperiled
Plotwright shows this as the current RESOLVE footprint. Over decades to centuries, warming, disturbance, invasive species, land use, and restoration can move the living edge of a region even when the reference map stays fixed.
Planting collections
Finished planting recipes where every member can handle this region's climate range. The fit badge uses the collection's most sensitive plant, so a resilient collection is a safer starting point than any single standout.
Climate-resilient · 2 plantes
Bright shade foundation
A part-shade planting with shrub structure and low foliage contrast.
Climate-resilient · 8 plantes
Climate-resilient natives for warming zones (eastern NA)
A pollinator-supporting palette of eastern North American natives with broad hardiness ranges and wide native distributions. Built for gardeners who want a planting that can handle warming zones without giving up wildlife value.
Climate-resilient · 3 plantes
Kitchen patio planters
A compact edible collection for containers, patios, and near-door harvesting.
Climate-resilient · 6 plantes
Mediterranean drought-tolerant edible
A low-water edible palette of culinary herbs + a hardy grape for hot dry sunny sites. Mediterranean-origin plants thrive on neglect; their primary failure mode is overwatering, not underwatering.
Climate-resilient · 9 plantes
Native pollinator border (eastern US)
A continuous-bloom native pollinator strip for eastern North America. Covers spring through frost with host + nectar plants spanning monarchs, native bees, hummingbirds, and specialist Lepidoptera. Little bluestem provides the matrix grass + Hesperiidae host.
Climate-resilient · 4 plantes
Sunny pollinator border
A durable sunny border with summer bloom, seedheads, and upright winter texture.
Similar planting regions
Browse other regions with a similar hot, dry-summer rhythm. Their plant lists can suggest species and combinations worth comparing.
RESOLVE 642 - Palearctic
Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests
The Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests cover the Yungui Plateau of southern China, spreading across most of Guizhou province and into Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, and Hunan at elevations of roughly 1,000 to 1,400 meters. This is classic South China karst country, where Paleozoic limestone has dissolved into block-shaped hills, steep-walled basins, caves, and subterranean rivers. The natural cover is subtropical evergreen broadleaf and mixed forest, with Chinese red pine in the north and Yunnan pine in the south alongside broadleaf genera such as Quercus, Rhododendron, Erythrina, Ficus, Sterculia, and Helicia. Although rainfall is high, the porous karst soils drain quickly and hold little water, so plants here contend with drought stress despite the wet climate. The ecoregion shelters the endemic Guizhou snub-nosed monkey and protected plants including the dove tree (Davidia involucrata), though much of the original forest has been converted and now survives mainly in reserves such as Wulingyuan and Zhangjiajie. For gardeners, this karst flora is a source of well-known ornamentals, from rhododendrons and camellias to the prized dove tree.
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Zones 10a-10b
+3.9°F by 2070
104,076 sq mi
NNH tier 3
RESOLVE 135 - Australasia
Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests
The Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests cover the volcanic Admiralty Islands of Papua New Guinea, which make up Manus Province in the country's Islands Region, an isolated archipelago lying roughly 280 kilometers off the northern coast of New Guinea. Lowland tropical rainforest dominates the larger islands, with characteristic canopy trees including Calophyllum, Barringtonia, and Terminalia, fringed by coastal shrub zones of Sararanga and Pandanus. The climate is warm and wet year-round, with daytime highs near 30 to 32 degrees Celsius, cooler nights, and about 3,400 millimeters of annual rainfall that peaks during the June-to-August wet season. Long isolation from any landmass has produced notable endemism, including several endemic birds such as the superb pitta and Manus fantail, the Admiralty flying-fox, and the emerald green snail, the first land snail listed as vulnerable by the IUCN. Commercial logging and forest conversion now place heavy pressure on the remaining forests, especially in the interior of Manus Island.
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Zones 13b
+2.8°F by 2070
814 sq mi
NNH tier 2
RESOLVE 1 - Afrotropic
Albertine Rift montane forests
The Albertine Rift montane forests cloak the mountains of the western branch of the East African Rift, spanning five countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania, and taking in ranges such as the Virunga and Rwenzori mountains and isolated massifs near Lake Tanganyika. These tropical moist broadleaf forests are rich in the plant families Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, and Meliaceae, with vegetation shifting by elevation from dense lowland forest through moss- and fern-draped montane forest into giant bamboo and high moorland. Although it sits in the heart of tropical Africa, the high terrain gives the region an essentially temperate climate, with annual rainfall generally between 1,200 and 2,200 millimeters and reaching about 3,000 millimeters on the western slopes of the Rwenzori. The ecoregion holds the highest faunal endemism in Africa and is the only home of the mountain gorilla, earning it a place on the Global 200 list of priority conservation areas, with strongholds protected in parks including Virunga, Volcanoes, Bwindi Impenetrable, Nyungwe, and Kahuzi-Biega. Gardeners may recognize the giant montane bamboo that forms a distinct belt across these slopes.
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Zones 11b-13b
+4.2°F by 2070
58,414 sq mi
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 439 - Neotropic
Alto Paraná Atlantic forests
The Alto Paraná Atlantic forests form the interior wing of South America's Atlantic Forest, sweeping inland from southern Brazil across eastern Paraguay and into Argentina's Misiones province, covering seven Brazilian states from Minas Gerais and São Paulo down to Rio Grande do Sul. The dominant habitat is Atlantic semi-deciduous forest, where emergent trees can reach about 35 meters and the canopy is built largely from the families Lauraceae, Apocynaceae, and Leguminosae, with many trees shedding leaves through the winter dry season. The climate is subtropical, receiving roughly 1,200 to 1,600 millimeters of rain per year, and the dry season from April through September brings frequent frosts. The region is a biodiversity stronghold, home to the endemic black lion tamarin, but it has been one of the most heavily cleared forests in the Neotropics, reduced by more than 90 percent of its original extent. For gardeners in mild subtropical climates, this is the native home of laurel- and legume-family trees adapted to a pronounced wet summer and dry, frost-prone winter.
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Zones 12a-13b
+3.4°F by 2070
187,100 sq mi
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 218 - Indomalayan
Andaman Islands rain forests
The Andaman Islands rain forests cover the Andaman archipelago in the eastern Bay of Bengal, most of which forms part of India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands, with the Coco Islands at the northern end belonging to Myanmar. The vegetation grades from coastal mangroves dominated by the family Rhizophoraceae into inland evergreen and deciduous forests dominated by tall trees of the family Dipterocarpaceae. The climate is tropical and monsoonal, with temperatures generally between 22 and 30 degrees Celsius and annual rainfall of roughly 3,000 to 3,800 millimetres falling mainly in the monsoon season, when cyclonic winds and thunderstorms are common. These islands are a notable storehouse of plant diversity: over 2,500 flowering plant species have been recorded, about 10 percent of them endemic, alongside endemic birds such as the flagship Andaman serpent-eagle, though forest clearing and over-exploitation remain pressing threats. For gardeners drawn to tropical genera, native trees here include Dipterocarpus and the prized Andaman padauk, Pterocarpus dalbergioides.
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Zones 13b
+2.4°F by 2070
2,207 sq mi
NNH tier 2
RESOLVE 440 - Neotropic
Araucaria moist forests
The Araucaria moist forests stretch across the highlands of southern Brazil, spanning the states of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, and reaching into Misiones Province in northeastern Argentina. Their signature is the Brazilian araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia), a monkey puzzle conifer that rises in a tall emergent layer above a broadleaf canopy of laurel (Ocotea), myrtle, and legume trees such as Mimosa scabrella. Lying above roughly 500 metres on mountains and plateaus, the ecoregion has an oceanic, subtropical to temperate climate with no dry season, frequent winter frosts, and high annual rainfall. It shelters threatened and endemic wildlife including the brown howler monkey and the red-spectacled (red-spectacled amazon) parrot, yet much of the original forest has been cleared and only a small fraction is protected. For gardeners in suitably cool, frost-touched climates, the emblematic Araucaria angustifolia is itself a striking ornamental conifer native to this region.
Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Zones 11b-13a
+3.5°F by 2070
83,435 sq mi
NNH tier 3
Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or regional planting notes that use this Plotwright page. To cite the underlying ecoregion framework or a specific editorial profile, use the source cards below.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests (Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests). Retrieved 2026, June 14, from https://plotwright.garden/regions/resolve-643
Sources for this region
This page cites Plotwright first for the compiled view, then lists the upstream framework, climate, and editorial source pages so readers can cite the original material directly.
RESOLVE 2017 Terrestrial Ecoregions (Dinerstein et al.)
Primary ecoregion framework
Backs 4 fields
RESOLVE id
Biome + realm
Area
NNH tier