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Épicéa commun
Habit (mature) · Forest & Kim Starr / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 3.0
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Épicéa commun

Picea abies
Un grand conifère persistant européen à croissance rapide atteignant 40-60 feet (parfois bien davantage avec l'âge), à la couronne largement pyramidale et au port distinctif : les branches principales se dressent ou s'étalent tandis que les fines ramilles secondaires pendent tout droit vers le bas en gracieux rideaux retombants. Des aiguilles rigides, à quatre faces et vert foncé garnissent les rameaux, et il porte les cônes les plus longs de tous les épicéas — pendants, cylindriques, de 4-6 inches de long, mûrissant du rougeâtre au brun clair. Planté de longue date en Amérique du Nord comme brise-vent, écran haut, sapin de Noël et bois d'œuvre, il est rustique et adaptable sous les climats frais, mais il ne tolère PAS la chaleur, la sécheresse ni l'humidité et faiblit vers la limite chaude (zone 7) de son aire.
Review: Source-backed
Climate fit: moderate (46/100)
Structure
Focal point
Light
Full sun
Water
Consistent moisture
Mature size
480-720" tall · 240" apart
Hardy in zones
2a-7b
brutally cold to cold winters
Native in Illinois
No

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Cultivé comme brise-vent, écran et sujet isolé, largement récolté comme sapin de Noël et apprécié comme importante essence de bois d'œuvre et de pâte ; ce n'est pas une plante alimentaire.

Cold hardiness

Future
These values are location-based: this location's current hardiness is the baseline, and the 2050 value is a projected future climate for this same location.
Now
Zone 6b
USDA
Published baseline for this location from 1991-2020.
Source: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (1991-2020 climatology) via ArcGIS FeatureServer
Well-suited
2050
Zone 7a
Plotwright
Projected zone for this same location in 2050 (2041-2070) using SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry).
Well-suited
In plain terms: This location is in Zone 6b today. Its hardiness profile is cold winters, and coldest nights are typically around -3°F. By 2050, the projected hardiness zone is Zone 7a based on SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry). That is a +0.5-zone shift from Zone 6b to Zone 7a by 2050.
Well-suited today and still thriving in 2050.

Heat tolerance

Future
Heat tolerance values are location-based too: heat days today are observed at this site, and the 2050 value projects this same location under a future climate.
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Sources & citations

Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. To cite a single upstream fact instead, use its specific source listed below.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Épicéa commun (Picea abies). Retrieved 2026, June 13, from https://plotwright.garden/plants/picea-abies
Sources for every fact
Every fact on this page traces to a source. 18 fields cited18 source-backed.
NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
University extension service
Backs 17 fields
Identity
Summary
Plant type
Light
Moisture
Hardiness
Heat zone
Size
Spacing
Habit
Design roles
Seasonal interest
Growth stages
Lifecycle
Regional guidance
Success tips
Designer notes
Wikimedia Commons
Photo · CC BY 3.0
Backs 1 field
Image

Community photos

The photos above are our reviewed reference set, curated for accuracy.