Home
Indian shot
Habit (mature) · B.navez / Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0
Limited coverage

Indian shot

Canna indica
A bold, tropical-looking rhizomatous perennial grown for its big, paddle-shaped banana-like leaves and slim spikes of red, orange, or yellow flowers from summer to frost. Native to Central America, South America, and the West Indies, Canna indica is the wild ancestor behind many garden canna hybrids — narrower-flowered and more upright than the showy modern cultivars, with hard, round black seeds once used as shot, which give it its common name. It thrives in heat, humidity, and consistently moist to wet rich soil in full sun, where it forms erect clumps that read as instant tropical structure. In its hardiness range (zones 8a-11b) it overwinters in the ground; colder gardeners lift and store the rhizomes.
Review: Source-backed
Climate fit: narrow (38/100)
Focal point
Structure
Border
Light
Full sun / Part shade
Water
Consistent moisture
Mature size
18-98" tall · 29" apart
Hardy in zones
8a-11b
cold to nearly frost-free winters
Native in Illinois
No
Beyond ornament, Canna indica is a genuine food plant: its starchy rhizomes (known as achira or Queensland arrowroot) have long been cooked and eaten or processed for starch in parts of the Americas, and the young shoots and immature seeds are used as well.

Cold hardiness

Future
These values are location-based: this location's current hardiness is the baseline, and the 2050 value is a projected future climate for this same location.
Now
Zone 6b
USDA
Published baseline for this location from 1991-2020.
Source: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (1991-2020 climatology) via ArcGIS FeatureServer
Won't grow here
2050
Zone 7a
Plotwright
Projected zone for this same location in 2050 (2041-2070) using SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry).
Won't grow here
In plain terms: This location is in Zone 6b today. Its hardiness profile is cold winters, and coldest nights are typically around -3°F. By 2050, the projected hardiness zone is Zone 7a based on SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry). That is a +0.5-zone shift from Zone 6b to Zone 7a by 2050.
Out of range today and still out of range in 2050.

Heat tolerance

Future
Heat tolerance values are location-based too: heat days today are observed at this site, and the 2050 value projects this same location under a future climate.
Loading AHS heat-zone data for this location...

Sources & citations

Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. To cite a single upstream fact instead, use its specific source listed below.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Indian shot (Canna indica). Retrieved 2026, June 13, from https://plotwright.garden/plants/canna-indica
Sources for every fact
Every fact on this page traces to a source. 18 fields cited18 source-backed.
NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
University extension service
Backs 17 fields
Identity
Summary
Plant type
Light
Moisture
Hardiness
Heat zone
Size
Spacing
Habit
Design roles
Seasonal interest
Growth stages
Lifecycle
Regional guidance
Success tips
Designer notes
Wikimedia Commons
Photo · CC BY-SA 3.0
Backs 1 field
Image

Community photos

The photos above are our reviewed reference set, curated for accuracy.