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Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas

Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas

Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas
This Nearctic ecoregion lies in the southeastern United States, part of One Earth's Southeast US Savannas & Forests subrealm, which spans much of the Atlantic seaboard and Southeast and is "dominated by grasslands but also includes adjoining mixed forests." Its characteristic landscapes are fire-maintained longleaf-pine (conifer) savannas and woodlands across the low-relief North American Coastal Plain, where most of the native vegetation is adapted to frequent fire. The regional climate is warm-temperate, becoming subtropical in its southernmost portions. Notably, the surrounding North American Coastal Plain was recognized in 2016 by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund as the world's 36th global biodiversity hotspot, with high richness among plants, freshwater fish, and amphibians.
RESOLVE 400
Nearctic
11 sq mi
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Landscape type
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Plant region
Nearctic
Region footprint
11 sq mi
Habitat pressure
Nature Imperiled (Dinerstein NNH 4)
Use this as the broad planting pattern for the region: Temperate prairies, steppes, and pampas of grasses and forbs with few trees, under continental climates of hot summers and cold winters. Their deep, fertile soils have made them among the most extensively converted biomes for agriculture. For garden decisions, pair that context with the plant list below, then narrow by your site's light, water, soil, and mature-size constraints.

Range & origins

Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas location on world map
Marker placed inside the RESOLVE 2017 polygon at 27.7°N, 80.4°W.
Region through time
Modern footprint
RESOLVE 2017 maps 11 sq mi
This boundary is a modern ecological footprint for Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas, not a permanent line on the planet. It is useful for today's plant and wildlife context because it follows recurring vegetation, climate, landform, and disturbance patterns.
Why here
temperate grasslands, savannas & shrublands conditions
The region sits in the Nearctic realm and is classed as temperate grasslands, savannas & shrublands. Elevation, moisture, fire, soils, coasts, and human land use can all make the real landscape more varied than a single map color suggests.
Change pressure
Nature Imperiled
Plotwright shows this as the current RESOLVE footprint. Over decades to centuries, warming, disturbance, invasive species, land use, and restoration can move the living edge of a region even when the reference map stays fixed.

Similar planting regions

Browse other regions with a similar hot, dry-summer rhythm. Their plant lists can suggest species and combinations worth comparing.
RESOLVE 385 - Nearctic
California Central Valley grasslands
The California Central Valley grasslands fill the long lowland between the Sierra Nevada to the east and the Coast Ranges to the west, spanning the Sacramento Valley in the north and the San Joaquin Valley in the south. The climate is Mediterranean, with most rain falling in winter and conditions growing drier from north to south and on the western, rain-shadowed side. Historically a mosaic of perennial bunchgrass prairie, oak savanna, vernal pools, and riparian woodland, the region is now largely converted to farmland and dominated by introduced annual grasses. It is one of North America's most altered grasslands: less than 1% of native grassland remains and only about 4% is protected.
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Zones 7b-12a
+3.1°F by 2070
17,943 sq mi
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 386 - Nearctic
Canadian Aspen forests and parklands
The Canadian Aspen forests and parklands — the transitional belt between the northern prairies to the south and the boreal forest to the north, covering southern Saskatchewan, southern + central Alberta, southwestern Manitoba, and small extensions into Montana and the Dakotas. Quaking aspen groves interspersed with grassland; the ecoregion functioned historically as a fire-managed mosaic, and woody encroachment under fire suppression has shifted the balance toward more closed aspen forest.
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Zones 6b-8b
+6.7°F by 2070
126,247 sq mi
Editorial profile
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 388 - Nearctic
Central Tallgrass prairie
The Central Tallgrass Prairie — the historical core of the North American grassland biome, covering Iowa, northern Missouri, Illinois west of the Indiana hardwood line, eastern Kansas, eastern Nebraska, and the southern parts of Wisconsin and Minnesota. Big bluestem, Indiangrass, switchgrass, and side-oats grama on the dominant matrix; the deep-rooted forb diversity (Echinacea, Liatris, Silphium, Baptisia, Asclepias) underpins much of the modern native-plant-garden palette. Less than 4% of the original tallgrass remains; conservation collections matter disproportionately.
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Zones 7b-10a
+5.9°F by 2070
132,114 sq mi
Editorial profile
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 387 - Nearctic
Central US forest-grasslands transition
The Central US forest-grasslands transition is an ecotone stretching across the central Midwest—including Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Missouri, Iowa, and Kentucky—where the eastern deciduous forests of the United States give way to the tallgrass prairies of the eastern Great Plains. Its presettlement landscape was a mosaic of oak savanna, bluestem prairie, and oak-hickory and maple-basswood forest, with glacial moraines, dunes, fens, and marshes common in the Chicago Lake Plain along Lake Michigan. The climate ranges from humid warm continental to humid cold temperate. Now encompassing major metropolitan areas including Chicago and Milwaukee and reaching south toward St. Louis, the region has lost over 95% of its presettlement vegetation, with only about 3% protected.
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Zones 8a-9b
+6.5°F by 2070
88,084 sq mi
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 389 - Nearctic
Central-Southern US mixed grasslands
The Central-Southern US Mixed Grasslands run north to south from central Nebraska through Kansas and Oklahoma into north-central Texas, a vast prairie marking the ecological transition from tallgrass to shortgrass plains. Its flat-to-rolling, wind-deposited terrain (about 400-1,220 m elevation) carries native mixed-grass prairie of tallgrasses such as big bluestem and Indiangrass alongside shorter grasses, and OneEarth notes it holds the greatest floristic complexity of all North American grasslands. The climate is subhumid warm continental to warm temperate, with annual precipitation ranging from roughly 300 to 812 mm. Each spring more than 500,000 sandhill cranes (about 80% of the world's population) gather along Nebraska's Platte River, though only about 1% of the ecoregion is protected.
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Zones 8b-11a
+4.0°F by 2070
106,215 sq mi
NNH tier 4
RESOLVE 390 - Nearctic
Cross-Timbers savanna-woodland
The Cross-Timbers savanna-woodland — the post-oak / blackjack-oak savanna belt running roughly southwest-to-northeast through central Texas, central Oklahoma, and southeastern Kansas. Forms the ragged forested western edge of the eastern hardwoods before the Great Plains take over to the west. Heavily fragmented by agriculture and urban Texas / Oklahoma metro growth.
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas & Shrublands
Zones 9b-11a
+4.1°F by 2070
34,070 sq mi
Editorial profile
NNH tier 4

National refinement sub-regions

Within this RESOLVE ecoregion, national agencies recognise finer-grained sub-regions. Plotwright assigns each sub-region polygon to its containing RESOLVE polygon by centroid.
EPA Level III (US-only) - 1 sub-region
75 · Southern Coastal Plain
Source: USGS / EPA via Omernik (1987).

Sources & citations

Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or regional planting notes that use this Plotwright page. To cite the underlying ecoregion framework or a specific editorial profile, use the source cards below.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas (Southeast US mixed woodlands and savannas). Retrieved 2026, June 14, from https://plotwright.garden/regions/resolve-400
Sources for this region
This page cites Plotwright first for the compiled view, then lists the upstream framework, climate, and editorial source pages so readers can cite the original material directly.
RESOLVE 2017 Terrestrial Ecoregions (Dinerstein et al.)
Primary ecoregion framework
Backs 4 fields
RESOLVE id
Biome + realm
Area
NNH tier
USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map
Published hardiness-zone authority
Backs 1 field
USDA zone range
One Earth
One Earth
Backs 1 field
Editorial summary
One Earth
One Earth
Backs 1 field
Editorial summary
One Earth
One Earth
Backs 1 field
Editorial summary
One Earth
One Earth
Backs 1 field
Editorial summary