Southwest Australia woodlands
Southwest Australia woodlands
The Southwest Australia Woodlands ecoregion occupies the southwestern corner of Western Australia, part of the Australasia realm. It is dominated by forests of jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and marri (Eucalyptus calophylla), giving way to drier, more open eucalyptus woodlands inland where wheatbelt wandoo and powderbark grow. The region has a wet-winter, dry-summer Mediterranean climate, one of only five such climates in the world, and lies within the Southwest Australia global biodiversity hotspot renowned for exceptional plant endemism. Its flora includes at least 3,500 plant species, with a great diversity of endemics, notably in the protea family (Proteaceae); the striped, day-foraging numbat serves as the ecoregion's flagship species. Much of the native cover has been cleared for agriculture, making remaining woodlands a conservation priority. For gardeners, this is the homeland of many Proteaceae ornamentals.
RESOLVE 206
Australasia
23,313 sq mi
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Landscape type
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Plant region
Australasia
Region footprint
23,313 sq mi
Habitat pressure
Nature Could Recover (Dinerstein NNH 3)
Source & care
Sponsored
Plotwright may earn a commission from purchases made through these links, at no extra cost to you.
Plan for hot, dry summers, mild wet winters, and plants built for seasonal swings. This climate favors drought-adapted shrubs, bulbs, herbs, and open-woodland plants; local native guidance matters because fire, habitat loss, and endemism are part of the planting story.
Range & origins
Marker placed inside the RESOLVE 2017 polygon at 33.0°S, 116.3°E.
Region through time
Modern footprint
RESOLVE 2017 maps 23,313 sq mi
This boundary is a modern ecological footprint for Southwest Australia woodlands, not a permanent line on the planet. It is useful for today's plant and wildlife context because it follows recurring vegetation, climate, landform, and disturbance patterns.
Why here
mediterranean forests, woodlands & scrub conditions
The region sits in the Australasia realm and is classed as mediterranean forests, woodlands & scrub. Elevation, moisture, fire, soils, coasts, and human land use can all make the real landscape more varied than a single map color suggests.
Change pressure
Nature Could Recover
Plotwright shows this as the current RESOLVE footprint. Over decades to centuries, warming, disturbance, invasive species, land use, and restoration can move the living edge of a region even when the reference map stays fixed.
Similar planting regions
Browse other regions with a similar hot, dry-summer rhythm. Their plant lists can suggest species and combinations worth comparing.
RESOLVE 197 - Australasia
Coolgardie woodlands
The Coolgardie woodlands occupy southern Western Australia, sitting as a broad transition zone between the Mediterranean-climate forests, woodlands and shrublands of Australia's southwest coast and the dry interior, and taking in both the Coolgardie and the coastal Hampton biogeographic regions. The country is dominated by eucalypt woodlands and mallee scrub, with characteristic trees including salmon gum (Eucalyptus salmonophloia), gimlet (E. salubris), York gum (E. loxophleba) and the locally endemic Coolgardie gum (E. torquata), over an understorey of saltbush such as Maireana and Atriplex. The climate is genuinely transitional, drying inland from the comparatively mild, winter-wet Mediterranean southwest toward the arid heart of the continent. This is one of the largest relatively intact temperate woodlands left anywhere on Earth, and its flora is remarkably rich, holding about 30 percent of Australia's eucalypt species and roughly 20 percent of the continent's plants, alongside wildlife such as the ground-nesting malleefowl. For gardeners in warm, dry-summer climates, the salmon gum, gimlet and York gum native here are hardy ornamental eucalypts well suited to low-rainfall plantings.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11a-12b
+2.4°F by 2070
49,891 sq mi
NNH tier 2
RESOLVE 198 - Australasia
Esperance mallee
The Esperance mallee stretches along the south coast of Western Australia, aggregating the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions. Its defining vegetation is eucalyptus mallee, multi-stemmed eucalypts that resprout from an underground lignotuber after fire, interwoven with myrtle and protea heathlands and Melaleuca shrublands; characteristic species include the sand mallee (Eucalyptus eremophila) and salmon gum (Eucalyptus salmonophloia). The Mediterranean climate brings extended dry summers, and plants here are adapted to poor soils, low rainfall, and regular fire. The region sits within one of the world's great concentrations of endemic plants, yet farming and grazing have cleared or degraded much of it, leaving it conservation-critical; its flagship animal is the red-winged fairywren. For gardeners, the mallee eucalypts and Melaleuca and protea-family shrubs native here are well suited to dry-summer, lean-soil plantings.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11a-12b
+2.0°F by 2070
39,853 sq mi
NNH tier 2
RESOLVE 199 - Australasia
Eyre and York mallee
The Eyre and Yorke Mallee ecoregion occupies the Eyre and Yorke peninsulas of coastal South Australia, a disjunct outpost of the Mediterranean-climate woodlands of southern Australia with temperate, wet-winter conditions. Its characteristic native vegetation is low woodland and mallee dominated by dryland tea tree (Melaleuca lanceolata) and mallee box (Eucalyptus porosa), alongside genera such as Callitris, Acacia, and Geijera. Roughly half of the flora is considered of conservation significance, and the Eyre Peninsula alone holds numerous endemic plant species. Much of the original vegetation has been cleared for farmland, leaving scattered remnants conserved within protected areas such as Innes and Coffin Bay national parks. For gardeners in comparable dry-summer climates, the region is the native home of several hardy ornamental and shade trees, including sugar gum (Eucalyptus cladocalyx), river red gum (E. camaldulensis), and the southern native pine (Callitris preissii).
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11a-12b
+2.1°F by 2070
23,638 sq mi
NNH tier 3
RESOLVE 200 - Australasia
Flinders-Lofty montane woodlands
The Flinders-Lofty montane woodlands cover the north-south ranges and hills of South Australia, including the Flinders and Mount Lofty Ranges, the Fleurieu Peninsula, and Kangaroo Island around the city of Adelaide. The landscape is a mosaic of eucalypt woodlands, acacia forests, Callitris (cypress-pine) forests, mallee shrublands, tussock and hummock grasslands, and chenopod and samphire shrublands, with sugar gum, cypress-pine, black oak, and golden wattle (Acacia pycnantha) among its characteristic plants. Its climate is broadly Mediterranean, with cool wet winters grading into a more summer-rain regime toward the north, and orographic rainfall on the higher peaks. Plant endemism is relatively high, but the region is among Australia's most heavily altered: much of the southern country has been cleared for agriculture and viticulture, over 95 percent has been grazed by livestock, and invasive foxes, rabbits, cats, goats, and donkeys continue to degrade the remaining habitat. The flagship species is the Adelaide pygmy blue-tongued skink, with protected refuges including the Ikara-Flinders Ranges and Mount Remarkable National Parks.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11a-12a
+2.4°F by 2070
25,562 sq mi
NNH tier 2
RESOLVE 201 - Australasia
Hampton mallee and woodlands
The Hampton mallee and woodlands stretch along Australia's southern coast, straddling the border of southeastern Western Australia and a smaller portion of South Australia where the Nullarbor Plain meets the Great Australian Bight. The terrain pairs the dune-covered coastal Roe Plains with the limestone Hampton Tableland, a karst escarpment riddled with caves and sinkholes carved from the Eucla Basin. Mallee shrublands and short eucalypt and myall woodlands dominate, with coastal white mallee (Eucalyptus diversifolia) characteristic of the escarpments and dune endemics such as Scaevola crassifolia. The climate is a semi-arid Mediterranean one, with mild to hot summers, cool winters, and modest rainfall that falls mostly in winter. The region shelters the grey currawong and the ground-nesting malleefowl, though feral camels, horses, and rabbits, along with livestock grazing, press on its sensitive dune vegetation. Gardeners may recognize the native desert quandong (Santalum acuminatum), a fruit-bearing species rooted in this country.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11b-12b
+2.6°F by 2070
4,204 sq mi
NNH tier 2
RESOLVE 202 - Australasia
Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands
The Jarrah-Karri Forest and Shrublands occupy the southwestern corner of Western Australia, roughly between Cape Naturaliste and Albany, forming an isolated wet-forest refuge within the country's Mediterranean-climate Southwest. The signature tree is karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor), among the tallest trees in Australia, joined by three tingle species and giving way to jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and marri on poorer, lower-nutrient soils. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and cool wet winters, and this is the wettest zone of the Southwest biodiversity hotspot. It is exceptionally rich and highly endemic, harboring the Albany pitcher plant and endemic frogs such as the orange-bellied, white-bellied, and sunset frogs, while logging, wildfire, feral predators, and Phytophthora dieback remain the main threats. For gardeners, the red-flowering gum (Corymbia ficifolia) is a widely grown ornamental native to this region.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11a-12b
+1.9°F by 2070
3,262 sq mi
NNH tier 2
Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or regional planting notes that use this Plotwright page. To cite the underlying ecoregion framework or a specific editorial profile, use the source cards below.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Southwest Australia woodlands (Southwest Australia woodlands). Retrieved 2026, June 14, from https://plotwright.garden/regions/resolve-206
Sources for this region
This page cites Plotwright first for the compiled view, then lists the upstream framework, climate, and editorial source pages so readers can cite the original material directly.
RESOLVE 2017 Terrestrial Ecoregions (Dinerstein et al.)
Primary ecoregion framework
Backs 4 fields
RESOLVE id
Biome + realm
Area
NNH tier