Porte (maduro) - Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Cobertura limitada
Castaño americano
Castanea dentata
Antaño el árbol dominante del dosel del bosque caducifolio del este de los Estados Unidos — se estima que unos cuatro mil millones de árboles —, apreciado por su rápido crecimiento, su madera resistente a la pudrición y una enorme cosecha anual de castañas dulces y comestibles que alimentaba por igual a personas, ganado y fauna silvestre. A principios del siglo XX, un hongo asiático introducido, el chancro del castaño (Cryphonectria parasitica), lo arrasó y lo destruyó funcionalmente: hacia la década de 1950 la especie estaba prácticamente extinta como árbol maduro de bosque. Los sistemas radiculares sobrevivientes aún emiten rebrotes desde los viejos tocones, pero el chancro casi siempre los estrangula y los mata antes de que puedan crecer lo suficiente para florecer y reproducirse. La realidad honesta para un jardinero es que hoy no se puede cultivar de forma fiable un castaño americano silvestre maduro. Las vías realistas son los híbridos retrocruzados resistentes al chancro de The American Chestnut Foundation o las líneas transgénicas tolerantes al chancro que aún se están desplegando — no una plántula silvestre pura, que el chancro casi con certeza matará.
Climate fit: narrow (38/100)
Structure
Focal point
Edible
Light
Full sun / Part shade
Water
Moderate water
Mature size
600-900" tall · 480" apart
Hardy in zones
5a-8b
very cold to frosty winters
Native in Illinois
No
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Las castañas son dulces y comestibles — se comen asadas, hervidas o molidas en harina — y fueron históricamente un alimento básico para las personas y una importante cosecha de otoño e invierno que engordaba al ganado y a la fauna en todo el bosque del este.
Cold hardiness
Future
These values are location-based: this location's current hardiness is the baseline, and the 2050 value is a projected future climate for this same location.
Now
Zone 6b
USDA
Published baseline for this location from 1991-2020.
Source: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (1991-2020 climatology) via ArcGIS FeatureServer
Well-suited
2050
Zone 7a
Plotwright
Projected zone for this same location in 2050 (2041-2070) using SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry).
Well-suited
In plain terms: This location is in Zone 6b today. Its hardiness profile is cold winters, and coldest nights are typically around -3°F. By 2050, the projected hardiness zone is Zone 7a based on SSP3-7.0 (regional rivalry). That is a +0.5-zone shift from Zone 6b to Zone 7a by 2050.
✓
Well-suited today and still thriving in 2050.
Heat tolerance
Future
Heat tolerance values are location-based too: heat days today are observed at this site, and the 2050 value projects this same location under a future climate.
Loading AHS heat-zone data for this location...
Where this plant fits
Suitable across 40 ecoregions — 34 climate-resilient through 2070 · 5 suited today · 1 newly possible by 2070. Best matches first.
Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests
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Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests
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Arizona Mountains forests
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Blue Mountains forests
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Canadian Aspen forests and parklands
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Central Pacific Northwest coastal forests
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Central Tallgrass prairie
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Central-Southern Cascades Forests
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Colorado Rockies forests
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Cross-Timbers savanna-woodland
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Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. To cite a single upstream fact instead, use its specific source listed below.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Castaño americano (Castanea dentata). Retrieved 2026, June 14, from https://plotwright.garden/plants/castanea-dentata
Sources for every fact
Every fact on this page traces to a source. 18 fields cited - 18 source-backed.
NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
University extension service
Backs 17 fields
Identity
Summary
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Moisture
Hardiness
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